From the perspective of Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistic Theory, the main distinction between classical physics and quantum physics is that quantum physics introduced the distinction between potential and instance, which introduced the notion of probability, whereas classical physics is only concerned with instances.
Where Newtonian mechanics is only concerned with the quantification of instances, Quantum mechanics is concerned with the quantification of both potential and instance, where potential is quantified in terms of waves of probabilities, and instances are quantified in terms of the statistics of the particles that manifest those probabilities.